OWASP TOP 10: BROKEN ACCESS CONTROL

 WHAT IS BROKEN ACCESS CONTROL?

Broken access control vulnerability is a security flaw that allows unauthorized users to access, modify, or delete data they shouldn’t have access to. This vulnerability is considered one of the most critical web application security risks. It occurs when an application fails to properly enforce access controls, allowing attackers to bypass authorization and perform tasks as if they were a legitimate user.

This vulnerability can exist in various forms, such as inadequate session management, improper enforcement of role-based access controls, or insecure direct object references (IDOR). Developers and security professionals have a responsibility to understand the risks associated with broken access control and take necessary steps to mitigate them.

HOW DOES IT HAPPEN?

Inadequate access control: When access control mechanisms are not implemented correctly, such as missing or inadequate checks 

Insecure direct object references: When an application provides direct access to objects based on user-supplied input 

Inadequate session management: When attackers can use hijacked session IDs or stolen login credentials.

HOW TO PREVENT BROKEN ACCESS CONTROL: 

Implement least privilege principles: Only grant users the permissions necessary to perform their tasks. This reduces the risk of unauthorized access to your website, server, and database.

Schedule regular updates and patches: Ensure your website software (including core CMS, plugins, themes, and other extensible components) are regularly updated with security patches in a timely fashion. This will help protect against known software vulnerabilities.

 

Use multi-factor authentication: Adding an extra layer of security such as two-factor authentication, a one-time password, or biometric verification enhances identity validation for users and helps mitigate risk of brute force.

Regularly review and monitor your website logs: Keep a check on your website and server logs for unusual activity that could indicate a security breach.

Perform access validation checks: Ensure stringent validation checks for user credentials every time an action is requested. This is particularly important in protecting your databases and applications from Indirect Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerabilities, where altering part of a URL, query string, or field value can lead to unauthorized access. 

MITIGATION:

Implement the principle of least privilege.

Utilize role-based access control (RBAC) .

Regularly review and update user permissions. 

Conduct thorough input validation.

Secure session management practices.