Career Technology Cyber Security INDIA

Whether you're diagnosing suspicious network activity , tracking bandwidth usage, or performing network forensic analysis , EtherApe simplifies the process with an easy-to-use interface. In this guide, we’ll explore everything you need to know about EtherApe, including installation, features, and real-world usage . When to Use EtherApe? 1.  Network Security Analysis – Detect potential DDoS attacks, data exfiltration, or unauthorized access . 2.  Troubleshooting Network Issues – Identify slow connections, bandwidth hogs, or misconfigured devices . 3.  Monitoring User Activity – See who is using what protocols and how much bandwidth they consume . 4.  Network Forensics – Analyze historical traffic data by loading a PCAP file . How to Install EtherApe on Kali Linux Since EtherApe is included in the Kali Linux repository , installing it is straightforward. Step 1: Update Your System Before installing EtherApe, make sure your system is up to date: sudo apt update ...

WHAT IS CLICK BASED XSS? Click-based XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) is a type of Stored or Reflected XSS attack that leverages user interactions, such as clicks, to execute malicious scripts. It typically involves event-driven JavaScript execution triggered when a user clicks on a link, button, or any interactive element on a web page. HOW DOES CLICK BASED XSS WORK? Injecting Malicious Script: The attacker injects a malicious script into a web application via a vulnerability (e.g., input fields, URL parameters). Triggering via Click Event: The script is designed to execute when the user clicks on a specific area of the webpage. Stealing Data or Hijacking Sessions: Once executed, the script can perform malicious actions like stealing cookies, credentials, or redirecting users to phishing sites. MITIGATION FOR CLICK BASED XSS: Input Validation & Sanitization – Filter and sanitize user input to remove malicious scripts (e.g., use DOM-Purify , OWASP Java HTML Sanitizer ). Output Enco...

Ever wondered how forensic experts extract valuable information from disk images, memory dumps, or raw data? Meet Bulk Extractor , a powerful tool in Kali Linux that scans files, disk images, and network packets to find hidden data like emails, credit card numbers, and URLs. If you're into digital forensics or just curious about data recovery, this tool is a must-know! What is Bulk Extractor? 🤔 Bulk Extractor is a fast, command-line forensic tool used to scan storage devices, images, and files for hidden or deleted data. Unlike traditional tools, it processes data in bulk, ignoring file system structures to extract useful artifacts quickly. Why Use Bulk Extractor? 1.   Finds hidden data – Extracts email addresses, phone numbers, URLs, and more. 2. Works on various formats – Scans disk images, memory dumps, and network packets. 3. Super fast – Processes data in parallel for high-speed analysis. 4. No file system dependency – Can scan raw disk data without mounting the drive. Ho...

WHAT IS MUTATED XSS? Mutated XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) refers to an advanced form of XSS attack where malicious scripts are dynamically transformed or obfuscated to bypass traditional security filters, such as input sanitization or WAFs (Web Application Firewalls). This is often achieved by encoding or manipulating the payload in creative ways that ensure it is processed correctly by the browser but not detected by security measures. HOW DOES MUTATED XSS WORK? Input Filtering – The application tries to sanitize user input to prevent XSS. Mutation – The browser or server modifies the input unexpectedly, altering its structure. Execution – The mutated input bypasses security filters and executes as a script. Impact – Attackers can steal data, hijack sessions, or perform other malicious actions. MITIGATION FOR MUTATED XSS: CSP: Use Content Security Policy to control script execution sources. Sanitize/Encode: Sanitize user input and encode output to prevent malicious code interpreta...

Have you ever accidentally deleted important files and thought they were lost forever? If you are using Kali Linux, Foremost is here to save the day. It's a powerful, open source data recovery tool that helps you retrieve lost files from hard drives, USBs, and even disk images. In this ultimate guide, you’ll learn everything about Foremost —what it is, how it works, and how you can use it effectively. Let’s dive in! 🔍 What is Foremost? Foremost is a forensic data recovery tool designed to retrieve deleted files based on file headers, footers, and internal data structures. It works on: Hard drives USB drives Memory cards Disk images (.img, .dd, .raw, etc.) It is widely used in forensic investigations and data recovery tasks. 📌 Key Features of Foremost 1. Recover files from FAT, NTFS, ext3/ext4, and other file systems. 2. Works on corrupt or formatted drives . 3. Recovers files even when there is no file system metadata available. 4. Supports various file types, including imag...

WHAT IS SUB-DOMAIN BASED XSS? Sub-Domain Based XSS occurs when a vulnerability exists on a subdomain of a website, allowing attackers to execute malicious scripts. Since subdomains are often treated as part of the parent domain, they can share cookies or other sensitive data, potentially putting the entire domain ecosystem at risk. HOW DOES SUB-DOMAIN BASED XSS WORK? Vulnerable Subdomain : A subdomain (e.g., vuln.example.com ) is found to have an XSS vulnerability, such as improper input sanitization. Cookie or Data Theft : Since many websites use *.example.com for authentication cookies or other sensitive data, the attacker can use the vulnerable subdomain to steal cookies, tokens, or perform actions on behalf of users. Payload Execution : The attacker lures victims into visiting the vulnerable subdomain, which then executes malicious JavaScript (e.g., stealing session cookies, redirecting to phishing pages, or performing CSRF attacks). Privilege Escalation : If the main domain ( exa...

When it comes to investigating network activity or digging deeper into security incidents, NetworkMiner is one of the most effective tools in Kali Linux's arsenal. This tool has been trusted by cybersecurity professionals, ethical hackers, and digital forensic experts for years. Whether you're a beginner or experienced in network forensics, this guide will walk you through the features, use cases, and practical tips for getting the most out of NetworkMiner. What is NetworkMiner? NetworkMiner is a passive network forensic analysis tool (NFAT) . Unlike tools that actively interact with networks, NetworkMiner focuses on analyzing captured network traffic data without injecting packets into the network. This makes it a stealthy and effective choice for forensic investigations. Developed to support network traffic analysis and reconstruction, NetworkMiner is perfect for tasks such as extracting files, analyzing metadata, and identifying hosts from captured network traffic. It is co...

  WHAT IS REFERER BASE XSS? Referer-Based XSS occurs when a web application improperly handles and displays data from the Referer header in HTTP requests without validation or sanitization. If an attacker manipulates the Referer header (e.g., via a malicious link) and the server reflects it in the response without proper encoding, the malicious script can execute in the user’s browser. This vulnerability arises when applications trust and reflect Referer data unsafely. HOW DOES REFERER BASED XSS WORK? 1.Reflection of Referer Data: The app displays the Referer header in its response without sanitizing or encoding it. 2. Manipulation by Attacker: An attacker crafts a link with a malicious Referer header containing a script payload. 3.Execution in Victim's Browser: When the victim clicks the link, the malicious script executes if the app reflects the header unsafely. 4.Impact: The script can steal sensitive data, session tokens, or perform unauthorized actions. MITIGATION FOR...

PhotoRec is a powerful data recovery tool included in the Kali Linux distribution. Open-source, lightweight, and effective, it specializes in recovering lost files such as photos, documents, and videos from hard drives, memory cards, and other storage devices. Here, we provide an easy-to-follow guide to help you understand and use PhotoRec effectively. What is PhotoRec? PhotoRec is designed to recover lost files by identifying file signatures, bypassing the file system entirely. It supports over 480 file formats and works on devices with corrupted or formatted file systems. Key Features: Recovers data from FAT, NTFS, exFAT, ext2/ext3/ext4, HFS+, and more. Works on damaged or formatted drives. Cross-platform: Available for Linux, macOS, and Windows. Free and open-source. Installing PhotoRec on Kali Linux PhotoRec is pre-installed in Kali Linux as part of the TestDisk suite, a package that includes tools for recovering lost partitions and making non-bootable disks bootable. While Photo...

WHAT IS LEAD AUDITOR IN ISO? An ISO Lead Auditor is a highly skilled and trained professional who leads audits of management systems within organizations. These management systems can cover various areas such as quality, environment, health and safety, information security, and more.   HERE IS A BREAKDOWN OF WHAT ISO LEAD AUDITOR DOES: 1. CONDUCTS AUDITS: They lead a team of auditors to assess an organization's compliance with specific ISO standards (e.g., ISO 9001 for Quality Management Systems, ISO 14001 for Environmental Management Systems). 2. PLANS AND MANAGES AUDITS: They plan the audit scope, objectives, and resources. They also manage the audit team, ensuring efficient and effective execution of the audit. 3. ANALYZES FINDINGS: They analyze the audit findings, identify nonconformities areas where the organization doesn't meet the standard's requirements and document their observations. 4. ENSURES COMPLIANCES : They help organizations understand and implement corr...

RegRipper is a powerful and widely used forensic tool for parse and analyzing Windows Registry files. It is a vital utility for cybersecurity professionals and digital forensics investigators who need to extract meaningful data from Registry hives during incident response or criminal investigations. This blog provides a comprehensive guide to understanding and using RegRipper in Kali Linux. The language is simple, making it easy for beginners to grasp, while the details make it a useful resource for real-world scenarios. What Is RegRipper? RegRipper is an open-source Windows Registry forensic analysis tool created by Harlan Carvey. It can extract specific data from Registry hives, such as user activities, system configurations, and malware traces. By automating the extraction of valuable artifacts, such as user activity logs, system configuration details, and evidence of malware persistence, RegRipper simplifies and speeds up the analysis process. Key Features of RegRipper: Automated A...