Red Teaming & Penetration Testing in IoT/OT Environments

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What’s the Difference?

  • Penetration Testing: Targeted, time-boxed testing of known vulnerabilities

  • Red Teaming: Full-scale simulation of an adversary’s behavior, often over weeks or months

IoT/OT-Specific Challenges

  • Legacy systems that can't be taken offline

  • Proprietary protocols (Modbus, DNP3)

  • Physical consequences of failure (machine shutdowns, safety issues)

Tools of the Trade

  • Kali Linux (with OT plugins)

  • Metasploit, Shodan, MiniCPS

  • Wireshark for protocol inspection

  • PLCScan, ModScan for ICS-specific devices

Benefits

  • Find security gaps before attackers do

  • Train Blue Teams with real attack scenarios

  • Validate network segmentation and access control

  • Build a culture of proactive security

Final Word

In high-risk OT/IoT environments, you can’t defend what you haven’t tested. Red teaming is the next step in building true cyber resilience. 

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